Wart

The wart is a benign neoplasm of the skin that occurs due to the proliferation of epidermal cells and the papillary layer of the dermis caused by the human papillomavirus, transmitted by the contact path.

Wart: Causes of appearance, types, diagnosis and treatment

WART - localized mainly benign education due to hyperplasia of the epidermis.Papillomatous outgrowths and papules most often occur due to the activity of viral infections.The main reason for their occurrence is the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the body.HPV infection occurs in a contact and manner, resulting in the viral flora penetrates the skin or mucous membranes.The risk of infection increases various damage to the skin and mucous membranes as well as the weakened immunity.

As statistics show, more than 60% of the population are HPV carriers.At the same time, symptomatic HPV may not occur even throughout life.Warts, many of which are called papillomas, are found on the skin and mucous membranes if there are favorable factors for this.One of them is the weakening of the immune system caused by various diseases, hormonal malfunctions, leading an unhealthy lifestyle, etc.

There are different types of warts, the appearance of which is caused by one or the other type of virus.Each type of skin formations can be localized either on the skin or on the mucous membranes.It is not always possible to eliminate the virus from the body.However, when infected with some of its varieties, self -medication may be noted.Today, if the patient has warts, the treatment is generally taking the use of antiviral drugs and the removal of neoplasms.There are different methods to remove the selected individual for each patient.

Warts in adults

Men and women are equally susceptible to infection with human papillomavirus and, respectively, the appearance of the skin and mucous membranes of neoplasms such as warts.The penetration of the virus into the body is possible, both with a simple handshake and with the use of general hygiene and in sexual contact.Once in the human body, the virus penetrates the squamous skin epithelium and actively multiplies in it.The incubation period for HPV can be from one or more months to six months or more.

It is almost impossible to protect your body from infection with the virus and the appearance of warts on the legs, arms, face and other parts of the body.Among the basic recommendations for prevention of warts are the exclusion of contacts with the skin of people who have such neoplasms, compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, as well as an increase in the level of immune protection.

Warts in women

Women warts can appear on any part of the body at any period of life.In shape, color and size, they can be different, ranging from small flat warts of the white face, ending with dark pointed warts on the mucous membranes of the genitals.It is worth noting that it is precisely the pointed warts according to the results of the studies that can cause the development of cervical cancer.The wart connection, which acts as an external HPV manifestation, has also received official confirmation with an increased risk of breast cancer.

The type of warts appearing in the more righteous sex depends on the variety of the virus that impressed the female body.Warts may occur on the face and other parts of the body, both separately and in whole groups.It all depends on the general condition of the body.

Women warts in women appear much more often than in men.This is mainly due to anatomical characteristics.Thus, various papillomas and warts in women can be located on the mucosa at the entrance of the vagina or on its walls, in the anus or urethra.

The cause of the active formation of warts of the toes and arms, face, neck and other parts of the body in women may be a sharp weakening of immunity in various diseases or hormonal failure observed, for example during pregnancy.If such neoplasms are found on the body or genitals, only the doctor should determine the tactics of treatment.Today, you can remove warts with laser, electric shock, liquid nitrogen and some other methods selected based on the individual characteristics of the patient.

Warts in men

The body of representatives of the stronger sex is less susceptible to infection and the active spread of the virus as a whole and more special the appearance of papillomas and warts.Just a sharp decrease in immunity caused by various diseases can cause benign skin and mucous membranes in men.It is worth noting that papillomas and warts on the genitals in men can be localized in the area of coronary grooves and bridles, sometimes the head or body of the penis, on the lid of the urethral entrance and directly on its mucous membranes, in the perianal area.

There are types of HPV that present in the body significantly increase the risk of cancer.The most significant in this regard, HPV 16 and 18 are considered today.But it should be noted that in men they are extremely rare.This is due to the fact that in the genitals of the stronger sex there is no environment suitable for a long stay of the virus.

Warts in children

People of any age are subject to the appearance of warts.But most often there are warts in children and adolescents.The reason for this may be different papillomatous viruses.The infection of the child's body is usually found by a contact house.Children are much more likely to communicate closely with other babies in large groups and easily "catch" different viruses from each other.In addition, a child can become infected with a papillomatic virus from the mother in the process of intrauterine development or childbirth.

Warts on the hands and other parts of the body in children appear quite often due to the fact that the body of the child is more susceptible to various infections and in most cases responds to them with a sharp decrease in immunity.Most often, children have ordinary, flat and plantar warts on the toes, legs and brushes.Flat youth warts as a rule go away on their own as they grow from the child to reach the age of 14-16 years.The vicious and ordinary warts in children often occur due to injuries.Stop warts can form when you wear uncomfortable shoes that cause irritation and damage to the skin.

Warts: Causes of appearance

Many factors can contribute to the appearance of warts.The transfer of a papillomatous virus, as mentioned earlier, occurs in close contact with an infected person or his things.In addition, a carrier of the virus that has no external manifestations can also act as a source of infection.Auto -oculation or in other words, self -lengthening is also not excluded.So, face and neck warts can appear after shaving and cosmetic peels.The same applies to papillomas and warts on the legs, chin and armpits.Various skin damage only increases the risk of HPV infection.This is often the case in pools, fitness and saunas.

The formation of warts is due to an uncontrolled division of the cells of the superficial layers of the skin.As a rule, they do not disappear independently, so they require the removal most often in combination with the use of antiviral drugs and the overall strengthening of the body.

Provocative factors

The virus may cause warts to penetrate the body of a healthy person with strong immunity.The risk of infection can be increased:

• Damage to the skin and mucous membranes.If there is contact with the coverage of an infected person or object, on the surface of which there is a virus, it will most likely end with infection.HPV can remain in the environment for about 2-3 hours.During this period of time, the likelihood of someone being contaminated by them is quite high.Injuries (wounds, cuts, scratches), sweating and, accordingly, the constant moisture of the skin only enlarge it.Therefore, the appearance of warts on the fingers and palms is most commonly observed.In the process of cleaning, working with food and solving any household problems, to get slight skin injuries easier.Even in winter, the tired and dry skin, on which micro -cracks are formed, become ideal "gates" to penetrate the virus into the body.
• High humidity and heat.Such a provocative factor is most suitable for the appearance of warts on the legs.Uncomfortable shoes that contribute to excessive sweating of the feet, the formation of calluses and damage to the skin can cause epithelial formations such as warts with the legs.
• Weakening the immune system.Even in the presence of a virus in the body, the appearance of warts is not always observed.One can be the carrier of the virus for decades and not suspect it.With strong immunity, the body is constantly suppressing the virus, preventing its breed.As soon as the immune system weakens, the virus is activated immediately, which is accompanied by the appearance of external manifestations.Even after removing warts with laser or in any other methods without boosting immunity, they are almost a hundred percent likely to reappear.The reasons for the weakening of the immune system can become more nutrition, abuse of bad habits, constant stress, lack of sleep, etc.

Diagnosis of papillomavirus infection

An infectious disease, which is characterized by the appearance of warts, is most often diagnosed with a whole range of methods.The characteristic papules and the growth of the papillomatous type may be different, appear at any age of the skin or mucous membranes, accompany other symptoms of the disease, or not to disrupt the patient at all.Therefore, warts of the hands or other parts of the body are properly diagnosed only as prescribed by the attending physician.The independent exam can not only be useless, but also harm.The appearance of warts is due to the human papillomatic virus.In addition, more than 65 species of this pathogen are known to date, which provokes the appearance of papules and papillomous growths on the skin and mucous membranes.In 95% of cases, the doctor may diagnose, taking into account the results of the physical examination and the medical history data (provided the wart is visible to the naked eye).The clinical manifestations of the wart depend mainly on the place where it was formed.Each type of epithelial tumor described above has its own individual characteristics.

• For a conventional wart, pronounced hyperkeratosis is characteristic (high speed of cell division of the layer horn and descending).It can take the shape of a knot or dome -shaped papule.Such warts occur mainly in those places where the risk of tissue injury increases, that is, on the skin of the hands, legs, elbows, etc.
• Flat warts have a flattened tip, they are small in their volumes and do not exceed the 3-4 mm indicator in diameter.If the wart is visualized in the area of the skin folds, then its main diagnosis can be difficult as such papules or growths can manifest themselves as flat or ordinary warts.
• The warts of the soles of the legs can be accompanied by a symptom of pain, as these parts of the body are constantly undergoing trauma.The center of such an epithelial tumor can be slightly pressed.There are also frequent cases where several warts of the sole merged into one design, forming a specific pattern in the form of a mosaic.
• As for the warts with thread, such a problem can appear on the skin of the face.They grow fast because if they are found, they try to eliminate them as a cosmetic defect.
• Warts can also be diagnosed in the oral cavity, where the formations are most often represented by whitish or pink nodes of small size.Such a problem is found in extremely rare cases, as a rule, when taking a dentist or during a planned body examination.

To distinguish a wart, such as corn, flat lichens, contagious molluscs or keratosis (seborrheic type), the doctor will take into account the fact that such epithelial entities have their own capillary network.Thus, with mechanical damage to the wart (if you remove a small amount of keratinized peeling layer), it begins to bleed.During the diagnosis, the dermatologist will try to rule out syphilitic warts.Most often, in order to diagnose a wart, a specialist is sufficient visual examination, but in 30-40% of all cases histological studies are required.Additional tests are also prescribed if the therapy is ineffective.If the wart is located on the cervix, a colposcopy is performed.The infection can be detected thanks to a special method of studying scrapers and smears from the vagina.If atypical lesions or permanent pathologies are traced, then the visiting physician will prescribe a biopsy with subsequent histological analysis.During the diagnosis of the patient's condition, the doctor will take into account his age, the presence of chronic diseases and even concomitant symptoms.

Warts: Treatment

Epithelial tumors in the form of warts are treated only under the strict control of the attending physician.Therapy cannot be general, since each case of appearance and the development of the disease is individual.It is therefore inappropriate to use suspicious drugs on the advice of friends, advertising or pharmacist at a pharmacy.

To date, there is no specific therapy aimed at human papillomavirus.That is why wart treatment is aimed at eliminating the symptoms of a viral lesion.

There are certain criteria that can serve as a basis for the treatment of warts:

• The area of the lesion on the skin or mucous membranes is large in size.
• The patient is worried about intense itching, pain, burning, bearded bleeding.
• The patient wants to remove the wart (treatment at the patient's request).
• The wart brings cosmetic discomfort.
• Immunodeficiency in the patient.

If the patient is diagnosed with warts, then this type of education necessarily needs well -written therapy, as there is a risk of malignant degeneration.

There are several methods for the treatment of warts, each of which has its own characteristics.The effectiveness of all therapeutic methods is approximately 70%.

In 2019, the results of the work of scientists from the Pediatric Medical Institute of Tashkent were published.The purpose of the study was to study the clinical effectiveness of various methods of treating warts in children.As a result, it was possible to find that the most large clinical efficacy in the treatment of vulgar warts in children shows the use of a destructive method using carbon dioxide.

Wart Treatment: External Therapy

Wart treatment is mainly aimed at removing them.It can be done thanks to physical intervention or medication.

External warts are treated thoroughly.The doctor may prescribe cauterizing drugs and keratolytic agents.It can be 10 % solution of silver nitrate, 50 % lactic acid solution, etc.

The doctor may recommend warts in the form of antiviral drugs.

Cytotoxic drugs are also important.Assigned in the treatment of warts and all types of plasters with salicylic acid (40%).

The physical destruction of warts can be done due to liquid nitrogen and electrocoagulation.The chemical destruction of the tissues can be performed with the help of salicylic acid, sodium solution, etc.

Immunotherapy is also used.After removing the wart, the doctor may prescribe anti -inflammatory drugs.

Removing warts at home is prohibited

According to the majority, traditional medicine can safely cure many diseases.But such an opinion is wrong, since decoctions, infusions and all types of compresses of essential oils and herbs can only play an auxiliary role and in any case should not be used as a basic type of therapy.It is also important to know that no prescription of traditional medicine should be used without a prescription.Such suspicious therapy can worsen the course of the disease and provoke even the development of new pathologies.

In combination with a drug effect, a visit to a specialist may prescribe recipes for alternative medicine with Celandine, fruits of mountain ash, wormwood, onion, bedding, milking and more.

Removing warts at home is not done.Education cannot be cut with sharp objects, drilled and cauterized.Only a competent doctor, after diagnosing the patient's condition, may prescribe adequate and safe therapy.Be careful and do not participate in a rash of self -self -self -self -esteem.

Removal of laser warts and other methods

Modern medicine uses several surgical methods aimed at removing warts.

• Electrocoagulation is one of the most prosecuted methods suitable for removing different warts.The manipulation is performed under local anesthesia using a coagulator.The high -frequency current that enters the steel contour helps to cut it finely on the epithelial formation and prevent bleeding during surgery and after its behavior.After electrocoagulation, a specific crust is formed at the site of the wart, which must be removed independently about 5-6 days after the procedure.At the place where the wart was, a scar may remain if a deep removal is performed.
• Surgery is prescribed surgically for extensive skin lesions.The manipulation is performed under local anesthesia with the subsequent application of cosmetic seams, which are removed for about 1 week.It can remain a slight scar.The doctor will direct remote education as an epithelium to a histological examination.
• Removal of warts with laser is the latest method of treatment.The effect of such manipulation can be presented in the form of evaporation or coagulation of the skin cells.Modern technologies are used universally in dermatology, they are considered to be the most favorable in more cases, practically do not leave scars.Removing warts with laser is fast and absolutely painless as the procedure is performed with local anesthesia.After removing the wart, a small indentation may remain, which will disappear in 12-20 days.

Many medical centers and clinics offer laser removal today.

The cost of such a procedure may be different and depends on numerous factors, including the level of a medical institution and the type of equipment used.

Remove the warts at low temperatures.The deep freezing of the tissues leads to their death.In this way, cryodestruction with liquid nitrogen is performed.

Such removal of warts is carried out using a winged or rod of an amphon with a cotton wool swab.In any case, the procedure is effective and it is performed in just a few minutes.

The applicator is applied to the wart (perpendicular) and is slightly pressed on it.The time that the epithelial tumor can freeze depends primarily on its size.As a rule, freezing takes 7 to 35 seconds.

At the moment when freezing happens with liquid nitrogen, the warts start to pale.Acquires increased density.Immediately during (60 seconds) after the procedure the frozen wart becomes edematous, the tissues can be blushed.In addition, the wart is converted into an epidermal balloon that can be filled with either serous or hemorrhoids.Such bubble formation on a wart gradually decreases and after about a week it turns into a bark, which is torn apart after another 10-15 days.If the patient will adhere to all the doctor's recommendations, then the healing process will pass painlessly, without complications and will remain a barely noticeable pink spot.You cannot forcibly remove the crust or burst the balloon formed.A specialist who performs wart removal will tell you how to properly care for a damaged area.If liquid nitrogen is removed from the foot, then the procedure will be more abundant and will take about 30-60 seconds.

Youth warts of the fingers, legs and other parts of the body are also often treated with nitrogen.But the procedure is performed by suffocating problem skin areas.In this way, the epithelial formations treated with low temperature darken, peel and disappear.

It is important to know that any removal of warts is not a guarantee that the problem is not again.The likelihood of re -education depends on many factors, including the patient's immune system.According to statistics, recurrent occurs after 3-4 months more than 20% of patients.That is why many doctors, along with the surgical removal of warts, prescribe general controversial therapy.

Prevention of warts

In order to protect at least a little of a viral infection and to reduce the risks of warts on the body, doctors advise mainly to lead a healthy lifestyle.It is necessary to constantly maintain immunity, which loses its protective functions due to constant nervous surge, lack of sleep, malnutrition and even lack of vitamins.

Doctors recommend:

• Refuse casual sexual relations.It is advisable to have a permanent and healthy partner.
• Stick to personal hygiene rules.Do not use someone's cloth, go to a public bathroom without your own interchangeable shoes, etc.
• Process the damage to the skin properly.

It is also important to eat properly, to lead an active lifestyle, to get rid of bad habits, to sprinkle, less nervous, because all these factors have a negative effect on the immune system.